TOEFL vs IELTS: Complete Comparison Guide for International Students 2026

If you're an international student planning to study in the US or Canada, you've probably heard these two acronyms more times than you can count: TOEFL and IELTS. Both prove your English proficiency, but they're not interchangeable—and choosing the wrong one can complicate your applications.

Here's the good news first: you might not need either of them. Many quality programs now accept alternatives like Duolingo and Eltis that are faster, cheaper, and often more convenient. But if your target schools require TOEFL or IELTS specifically, understanding the differences helps you choose strategically.

This guide breaks down what actually matters: format differences, scoring systems, which test fits your strengths, and how to make the smartest choice for your university pathway.

The Quick Answer: Which Test Should You Take?

Before diving into details, here's the decision framework:

Choose TOEFL if:

• You're targeting US universities specifically
• You're comfortable with computer-based testing
• You prefer typing over handwriting
• You handle integrated tasks well (reading + listening + responding)

Choose IELTS if:

• You're considering UK, Australia, or Commonwealth countries
• You prefer face-to-face speaking assessments
• You want skills tested separately rather than combined
• You need the test for immigration purposes

Consider alternatives (Duolingo, Eltis) if:

• Your target programs accept them
• You want faster results and lower costs
• Testing center access is limited in your area

Here's something many families don't realize: most Amerigo Signature schools accept flexible English tests including Eltis and Duolingo—not just traditional TOEFL or IELTS. This makes the application process faster and more convenient, especially for students without easy access to testing centers.

What's Actually Different Between TOEFL and IELTS?

Both tests measure the same four skills: reading, listening, speaking, and writing. But they do it very differently.

TOEFL iBT (Internet-Based Test)

TOEFL is entirely computer-based. You sit at a computer, read passages on screen, listen through headphones, speak into a microphone, and type your essays. AI handles much of the scoring, which means faster results—typically within 6 days.

The distinctive feature? Integrated tasks. TOEFL doesn't just test skills in isolation. You might read an academic passage, listen to a lecture on the same topic, then write a response combining both. This mirrors actual university work, where you're constantly synthesizing information from multiple sources.

Test structure:

• Reading: 35 minutes, 2 passages
• Listening: 36 minutes, 3-4 lectures and conversations
• Speaking: 16 minutes, 4 tasks (some integrated)
• Writing: 29 minutes, 2 tasks (one integrated)
• Total: About 2 hours

The academic focus is intentional. TOEFL was designed specifically for university admissions, so the content sounds like what you'd encounter in American college classrooms—lectures about archaeology, biology readings, academic discussions.

IELTS Academic

IELTS takes a different approach. While computer-delivered options exist, the speaking section always involves a real human examiner sitting across from you. For some students, this feels more natural. For others, it's more nerve-wracking.

Skills are tested separately without integration. You read passages, then move to listening, then speaking, then writing—each as its own distinct section.

Test structure:

• Listening: 30 minutes, 4 sections
• Reading: 60 minutes, 3 passages
• Writing: 60 minutes, 2 tasks
• Speaking: 11-14 minutes, face-to-face interview
• Total: About 2 hours 45 minutes

IELTS content tends to be slightly more general than TOEFL, though the Academic version still focuses on university-appropriate material. The British Council's involvement means you'll hear various English accents—British, Australian, Canadian—throughout the listening sections.

How Do the Scoring Systems Work?

Understanding scores matters because universities set specific requirements, and you need to know what you're aiming for.

TOEFL Scoring

TOEFL uses a 0-120 scale, with each of the four skills worth 0-30 points.

Score ranges and what they mean:

• 100-120 (Advanced): Competitive for Top 50 universities
• 80-99 (High Intermediate): Meets requirements for most Top 100 universities
• 60-79 (Intermediate): Acceptable for many undergraduate programs
• Below 60 (Basic): Additional preparation typically needed

Many universities require both a total score AND minimum section scores. For example, a school might require 100 total with no section below 24. This prevents students from having one very weak skill masked by strong performance elsewhere.

IELTS Scoring

IELTS uses band scores from 0-9, reported in half-band increments (6.0, 6.5, 7.0, etc.).

Band scores and what they mean:

• 7.5-9.0 (Very Good to Expert): Competitive for Top 50 universities
• 6.5-7.0 (Good): Meets requirements for most Top 100 universities
• 5.5-6.0 (Modest): Acceptable for some undergraduate programs
• Below 5.5 (Limited): Additional preparation typically needed

Score Conversions

Rough equivalencies between IELTS and TOEFL scores:

• IELTS 9.0 ≈ TOEFL 118-120
• IELTS 8.5 ≈ TOEFL 115-117
• IELTS 8.0 ≈ TOEFL 110-114
• IELTS 7.5 ≈ TOEFL 102-109
• IELTS 7.0 ≈ TOEFL 94-101
• IELTS 6.5 ≈ TOEFL 79-93
• IELTS 6.0 ≈ TOEFL 60-78

These conversions are approximate. Universities often publish their own equivalency charts, so always verify specific requirements with your target institutions.

Both scores remain valid for two years—plan your testing timeline accordingly.

Which Test Is Actually Harder?

This is the question everyone asks, and the honest answer is: it depends entirely on you.

TOEFL might be harder if you:

• Struggle with typing speed or accuracy
• Find integrated tasks confusing
• Prefer human interaction over talking to a computer
• Get anxious in strictly timed digital environments

IELTS might be harder if you:

• Get nervous speaking face-to-face with examiners
• Struggle with varied English accents
• Prefer structured, predictable formats
• Find handwriting essays difficult under time pressure

Neither test is objectively "easier." Students who prepare well for their chosen test typically perform better than those who pick based on perceived difficulty. Choose the format that matches your strengths, then prepare thoroughly.

Where Are Each Test Accepted?

Geographic preferences matter more than most students realize.

TOEFL Acceptance

TOEFL dominates in North America. Virtually 100% of US and Canadian universities accept TOEFL scores, and it's often the preferred test for American institutions. If you're targeting US high schools or universities, TOEFL is a safe choice.

Major universities accepting Amerigo students consistently recognize TOEFL for admissions. The test's academic focus aligns well with American university expectations.

IELTS Acceptance

IELTS has broader global reach, particularly dominating in:

• United Kingdom
• Australia
• New Zealand
• Canada (especially for immigration)
• European universities

For Canadian programs, both tests work well for academic admissions. However, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) specifically requires IELTS or CELPIP for most immigration programs.

The Alternative Option

Here's what many families miss: prestigious programs increasingly accept alternative tests.

Amerigo Education's Signature schools accept flexible English tests including Eltis and Duolingo—not just TOEFL or IELTS. This is significant because:

• Duolingo English Test: Costs about $65 (vs. $200+ for TOEFL/IELTS), takes 1 hour, delivers results in 48 hours, and can be taken at home
• Eltis: Designed specifically for high school placement, often available through schools directly

If your target programs accept these alternatives, they're worth serious consideration. Faster results, lower costs, and more convenient testing can reduce application stress significantly.

How Should You Prepare for Each Test?

Preparation strategies differ based on test format.

TOEFL Preparation

TOEFL success requires both English proficiency AND digital test-taking skills.

Key preparation areas:

• Typing practice: You'll write essays on a computer under time pressure. If you're a slow typist, this skill alone can limit your score.
• Integrated task mastery: Practice reading a passage, listening to related content, then synthesizing both in a spoken or written response. This skill doesn't come naturally—it requires specific practice.
• Academic vocabulary: TOEFL uses university-level content. Familiarize yourself with academic terminology across subjects like biology, history, and social sciences.
• Note-taking efficiency: During listening sections, you can't replay audio. Develop a personal shorthand for capturing key information quickly.
• American English exposure: Listen to American lectures, podcasts, and academic content. The accent and speaking style will feel familiar on test day.

IELTS Preparation

IELTS preparation emphasizes conversational skills and format familiarity.

Key preparation areas:

• Speaking interview practice: The face-to-face format requires different skills than talking to a computer. Practice with teachers, tutors, or language partners who can simulate the interview experience.
• Accent exposure: IELTS listening includes British, Australian, Canadian, and other English accents. Don't prepare exclusively with American English content.
• Time management per section: Since skills aren't integrated, you need to pace yourself within each distinct section rather than across combined tasks.
• Handwriting speed (paper-based): If taking the paper version, practice writing essays by hand under timed conditions. This is different from typing.

For broader English improvement strategies, see how to improve English for international students.

What Do Tests Cost and How Accessible Are They?

Cost and accessibility often influence test choice more than people admit.

Test Fees

Approximate costs for each test:

• TOEFL iBT: $200-250
• IELTS Academic: $215-255
• Duolingo English Test: $65
• Eltis: Varies (often lower)

These fees add up quickly if you need retakes. Budget for at least two attempts when planning.

Testing Center Access

TOEFL offers more testing centers in some regions due to ETS's extensive network. IELTS centers concentrate in Commonwealth-aligned areas. Rural locations often lack convenient access to either.

At-home options:

• TOEFL iBT Home Edition available in many countries
• IELTS Online expanding availability
• Duolingo designed for at-home testing from the start

If testing center access is a challenge, at-home options or alternative tests like Duolingo may solve the problem entirely.

Score Reporting Speed

How quickly you'll receive results:

• TOEFL iBT: 6 days
• IELTS Computer: 3-5 days
• IELTS Paper: Up to 13 days
• Duolingo: 48 hours

For time-sensitive applications, reporting speed matters. A two-week difference can impact tight deadlines.

How Does This Fit Into Your University Pathway?

English proficiency testing is one piece of a larger puzzle. Understanding how it connects to your overall pathway helps you plan strategically.

For High School Students

If you're applying to US high school programs, check whether your target schools accept alternatives to TOEFL/IELTS. Many quality programs have moved toward flexible testing options.

Amerigo Education, founded in 2016 and backed by Avathon Capital, currently supports approximately 1,000 students from 11 countries through 40 Niche A+/A rated partner schools. Most of their Signature schools accept Eltis or Duolingo, making the application process significantly simpler.

For University Preparation

Your high school English test is just the beginning. University applications may require higher scores or different tests. Programs that provide ongoing academic support help students continue developing English skills throughout high school.

Amerigo's Top 100 Guarantee, for example, requires TOEFL 85+ (or equivalent) as one exit requirement—meaning students work toward this benchmark throughout their program, not just at admission.

Test Score Requirements in Context

What English proficiency is typically required at each stage:

• Amerigo Signature School Entry: Eltis, Duolingo, or equivalent (flexible options accepted)
• Top 100 Guarantee Exit: TOEFL 85+ or equivalent
• Top 50 Track Exit: TOEFL 95+ or equivalent
• Top 50 US Universities: TOEFL 100+ or IELTS 7.0+
• Top 30 US Universities: TOEFL 105+ or IELTS 7.5+

Students don't need perfect English to start—they need to reach appropriate levels by graduation. This is why comprehensive student support services matter so much.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is TOEFL harder than IELTS?

Neither test is objectively harder—difficulty depends on your personal strengths. TOEFL's integrated tasks and computer-based format challenge some students, while IELTS's face-to-face speaking and varied accents challenge others. Choose based on your strengths and target institutions rather than perceived difficulty.

What TOEFL score equals IELTS 7.5?

IELTS 7.5 generally converts to TOEFL 102-109, though exact equivalencies vary by section. Universities often publish their own conversion charts. When in doubt, aim slightly higher than minimum requirements to ensure your application is competitive.

Which test do top US universities prefer?

Most top US universities accept both tests, but many historically prefer TOEFL due to its academic focus and alignment with American university expectations. However, acceptance of alternatives like Duolingo is expanding. Always verify current requirements with specific institutions.

How long are scores valid?

Both TOEFL and IELTS scores remain valid for two years. Plan your testing timeline so scores don't expire before you need them for applications or visa processes.

Should I take both tests?

Taking both can provide strategic advantages—you can submit your higher score. However, the combined costs and preparation time often outweigh benefits. Most successful students choose one test based on target institutions and personal strengths, then focus preparation efforts there.

Which test gives faster results?

TOEFL typically delivers results in 6 days. IELTS computer-delivered tests provide results in 3-5 days, while paper-based versions take up to 13 days. Duolingo provides results in 48 hours. For tight deadlines, reporting speed may influence your choice.

Do I need TOEFL or IELTS for US high school programs?

Not necessarily. Many quality programs accept alternatives. Amerigo's Signature schools accept Eltis and Duolingo alongside TOEFL and IELTS, making applications more accessible for students without convenient testing center access.

How do I choose between TOEFL and IELTS?

Consider: (1) your target institutions' preferences, (2) your comfort with computer vs. face-to-face testing, (3) whether you prefer integrated or separate skill assessment, and (4) test availability in your area. Then prepare thoroughly for whichever test you choose.

Are there other English tests besides TOEFL and IELTS?

Yes. Duolingo English Test, Pearson Test of English (PTE Academic), Cambridge English Qualifications, and Eltis are increasingly accepted alternatives. Duolingo in particular has gained significant acceptance since 2020 due to its convenience and lower cost.

What if my English isn't strong enough yet?

Many students enter study abroad programs with developing English skills and improve dramatically with proper support. Amerigo's data shows 83% of students entering with low-B1 English proficiency achieved Top 100 university admission. The key is comprehensive support throughout your program, not just entrance scores.

Making Your Decision

Here's the practical approach:

Step 1: Identify your target schools and verify their specific test requirements. Don't assume—check current policies.

Step 2: If alternatives like Duolingo or Eltis are accepted, seriously consider them. They're often faster, cheaper, and more convenient.

Step 3: If you need TOEFL or IELTS specifically, choose based on your strengths:

• Strong typing + comfortable with technology → TOEFL
• Prefer human interaction + separate skill testing → IELTS

Step 4: Allow time for preparation and potential retakes. Plan to take your test 4-6 months before you need scores for applications.

Step 5: Remember that test scores are one component of your application. Strong academic preparation, proper support services, and genuine growth matter more than whether you took TOEFL or IELTS.

For students targeting top US universities, Amerigo Education provides a comprehensive pathway. Their Class of 2025 achieved 100% university acceptance, with 97% admitted to Top 100 universities, 60% to Top 50, and 25% to Top 30 institutions. The Top 100 Guarantee includes a $50,000 USD refund policy for qualifying students who meet all requirements but don't receive a Top 100 offer.

The test you choose matters less than the preparation you invest and the support system around you. Make an informed decision, prepare thoroughly, and focus on your larger goals.

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This guide provides general educational information, not professional advice. Every student's situation is different—contact Amerigo Education to discuss your specific circumstances and find the right pathway for your English proficiency goals, or apply now to get started.

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